五、如何準(zhǔn)備GRE考試

　　由于新GRE考試計(jì)劃已經(jīng)終止，而且原有報(bào)名體系正在恢復(fù)，所以考生基本上可以像過去一樣報(bào)名和復(fù)習(xí)GRE(如詞匯方面可以繼續(xù)參考胡敏主編的暢銷書籍《GRE核心詞匯 讀故事 記單詞》)。不過，對(duì)于寫作部分的準(zhǔn)備，思路可以稍做調(diào)整。一方面，仍然以ETS的issue和argument題庫(kù)為主要研究對(duì)象；另一方面，分析和總結(jié)各道具體的題時(shí)，要細(xì)化考慮。例如，對(duì)于argument題庫(kù)中的問題，要注意其中的邏輯推理過程，特別是其中的錯(cuò)誤假設(shè)(assumption)。關(guān)于GRE寫作以外部分的詳細(xì)復(fù)習(xí)方法，請(qǐng)關(guān)注李傳偉老師的新浪博客blog.sina.com.cn/lichuanweilaoshi。下面以GRE argument的一篇范文的一部分說明GRE寫作要注意的部分(請(qǐng)注意劃線部分，它們是ETS所要求的形式)。

　　Argument問題

　　Collectors prize the ancient life-size clay statues of human figures made on Kali Island but have long wondered how the Kalinese artists were able to depict bodies with such realistic precision. Since archeologists have recently discovered molds of human heads and hands on Kali, we can now conclude that the ancient Kalinese artists used molds of actual bodies, not sculpting tools and techniques, to create these statues. This discovery explains why Kalinese miniature statues were abstract and entirely different in style: molds could only be used for life-size sculptures. It also explains why few ancient Kalinese sculpting tools have been found. In light of this development, collectors should expect the life-size sculptures to decrease in value and the miniatures to increase in value.

　　Argument 范文(部分)

　　In this argument, the author concludes that the value of life-size Kalinese statues will decrease, while the value of miniature Kalinese statues will increase. To support his conclusion, the author cites the discovery of molds for heads and hands on large Kalinese statues, believing that this proves that no sculpting tools or techniques were used in the creation of these realistic, life-size statues. Moreover, the author cites the paucity of sculpting tools discovered by archaeologists and the fact that miniature Kalinese statues are abstract and different in style to the life-size statues as evidence that each miniature statue is unique while life-size statues are not. The author also assumes that due to mold production techniques, the life-size statues will decrease in value while individually crafted miniature Kalinese statues will increase in value. This argument suffers from several critical logical fallacies.

　　First, the author assumes that the discovery of life-size head and hand molds proves that Kalinese artists did not use sculpting tools or techniques.

　　Secondly, the fact that molds have only been discovered for life-size objects does little to explain the unique production techniques used in creating Kalinese miniature statues.

　　Lastly, the author fails to rule out the possibility that miniature Kalinese statues may also decrease in value.

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