abundant plentiful a. 大量的
accelerate increase v. 加速；加大
accessible available a. 可用的
accordingly for that reason ad. 因此
accordingly consequently ad. 因此
account explain v. 解釋；說明
account for explain v. 解釋，說明
account for explain v. 解釋，說明
accumulate collect v. 積累；積聚
accumulate collect v. 聚集
adhere stick v. 黏附；膠著
adjunct addition n. 附加物
administered managed v. 管理
adorn decorate v. 裝飾
adversely negatively ad. 不利地；有害地
advocate proponent n. 倡導(dǎo)者；辯護(hù)者
aesthetically artistically ad. 審美地；美學(xué)地
aided helped v. 幫助
alert wary a. 機(jī)敏的
alter change v. 改變；調(diào)整
alternative option n. 替代；替代物
altogether completely ad. 完全地
ancillary secondary a. 附屬的；輔助的
annihilate conquer v. 消滅；征服
antagonist enemy n. 對手；敵人
antecedent predecessor n. 先輩
anticipate look forward to v. 期待；盼望
apace with as fast as 快速的
appealing attractive a. 吸引人的
apply used for v. 應(yīng)用；適用
appreciated recognized v. 賞識
appreciation recognition n. 鑒賞；鑒別
aptly appropriately ad. 適當(dāng)?shù)?BR>arduous difficult a. 艱巨的；艱苦的
article object n. 物品，物體
ascend climb v. 攀升；升高
assemble gather v. 裝配；組合
assemble bring together v. 裝配；組合
assortment variety n. 形形色色；各式各樣
assumption belief n. 確信的想法
attachment preference for n. 依戀；偏好
attained achieved v. 達(dá)到
attained reached v. 達(dá)到
attendant accompanying n. 服務(wù)員
attire clothing n. 衣著；盛裝
attribute credit v. 被認(rèn)為；被鑒定
attribute characteristics n. 特征
avail make use v. 有用
avid eager a. 渴望的；熱心的
barren infertile a. 貧瘠的；不毛的
besides in addition to prep. 除此之外
bias prejudice n. 偏見；嗜好
bias prejudice n. 偏見；嗜好
bind tie v. 捆；綁；使結(jié)合
boosted raised v. 提高，推進(jìn)
bound limit n. 范圍；界限
bound held v. 限制
break departure from n. 決裂；破裂
brief look glance n. 瞥視；瀏覽
bring about cause v. 導(dǎo)致；引起
brittle easily broken a. 易碎的
calculate determine v. 計(jì)算；確定
came to the forefront became impotant
carried on continued v. 繼續(xù)
carry support v. 支撐；支持
cease stop v. 停止；結(jié)束
celebratory full of praise n. 頌揚(yáng)
celestial astronomical a. 天空的；天上的
chance unplanned a. 偶然的；碰巧的
characteristics qualities n. 性質(zhì)，特性
chronicle describe v. 記述
classify categorize v. 分類
clear unobstructed a. 暢通的；無阻的
clue information n. 線索；信息
clue information n. 線索；信息
cluster group v. 成群
coarse rough a. 粗糙的
coarse crude a. 粗糙的
coin create v. 創(chuàng)造；杜撰
coincide with happen at the same time ad. 同時(shí)
collective group n. 集體
collectively together ad. 共同地
come of age establish itself v. 達(dá)到法定年齡；確立自身地位
comparably similarly ad. 可比地；相當(dāng)?shù)?BR>component parts n. 部分
compose focus on v. 創(chuàng)作；創(chuàng)造
comprise consist of v. 包含；包括
concealed covered a. 隱藏著的
concentrate cluster v. 集中；積聚
conclusive definitive a. 最后的
concomitant with in conjunction with ad. 協(xié)同
concrete specific a. 具體的；特定的
configuration arrangement n. 結(jié)構(gòu)；形狀
confine limit v. 限制；局限
confine restrict v. 限制
confirm uphold v. 證實(shí)；確認(rèn)
conflicting opposing a. 沖突的；抵觸的
conjectural based on guessing a. 猜測的；推測的
consequence result n. 結(jié)果
conserve store v. 保存；保護(hù)
conserve retain v. 保存；保護(hù)
considerable large a. 很重要的；很大的
considerable substantial a. 很重要的；很大的
considerable much a. 很重要的；很大的
considerable great a. 相當(dāng)大的
consistent constant a. 持續(xù)的
consorted associated v. 結(jié)交
conspicuous noticeable a. 顯著的
constituent component n. 成分；要素
constitute make up v. 構(gòu)成；組成
consumed eaten v. 吃掉
consumption eat n. 消費(fèi)；消耗
contemporary existing a. 當(dāng)代的；現(xiàn)有的
contemporary written at that time n. 同時(shí)代
convergence gathering n. 聚集
convert change v. 轉(zhuǎn)換
converted changed v. 轉(zhuǎn)變
correspondingly similarly ad. 相應(yīng)地；對應(yīng)地
count weigh v. 有價(jià)值；有分量
counteract negate v. 抵消；反作用
counterpart version n. 復(fù)本；對應(yīng)物
crisscross move back and forth v. 穿梭；交錯往來
critical judge of fine arts connoisseur n. 鑒賞家；評論家
crucial important a. 重要的
cumbersome burdensome a. 麻煩的；笨重的
dampen moisten v. 使潮濕
daring bold a. 勇敢的；大膽的
deft skilled a. 熟練的；靈巧的
deliberate careful a. 審慎的；仔細(xì)的
demand require v. 要求；需求
demise death n. 死亡
demonstrate show v. 表明；證實(shí)
dense thick a. 稠密的；濃厚的
depress lower v. 壓低；使沮喪
derive obtain v. 得到
derived from based on v. 基于
detectable measurable a. 可察覺的；易發(fā)現(xiàn)的
detectable apparent a. 可察覺的；易發(fā)現(xiàn)的
detecting finding v. 探測
devastated ruined a. 毀壞的；被破壞的
developing evolving a. 發(fā)展的；演化的
devote to dedicate v. 致力于；獻(xiàn)身于
devote to specializing in v. 致力于；獻(xiàn)身于
dictate determine v. 指示；決定
dictate determine v. 確定；決定
diffuse travel v. 擴(kuò)散；傳播
disaster catastrophe n. 災(zāi)難
discard get rid of v. 丟棄；拋棄
dispute argument n. 爭論；爭執(zhí)
disseminate spread/impart v. 散布；傳播
distinct separate a. 清晰的；不同的
distinct separate a. 清晰的；不同的
distinct different a. 獨(dú)特的；不同的
distinct separate a. 獨(dú)特的
distinguish differentiate v. 區(qū)分；辨別
divergence difference n. 差異；變化
diverse dissimilar a. 多種多樣的；不一樣的
diverse varied a. 不同的
diverse different a. 不同的
dividing line boundary n. 邊界；分界線
do sth. Repeatedly iterate v. 重復(fù)；反復(fù)
domain field n. 領(lǐng)域；范圍
domain region n. 領(lǐng)域；范圍
dominate be prevalent in v. 支配；控制
dramatic striking a. 戲劇性的；顯著的
drastic radical a. 激烈的；猛烈的
drastically severely ad. 激烈的
draw attract v. 吸引
draw attract v. 吸引
draw instruct v. 引導(dǎo)
durability endurance n. 經(jīng)久，耐久
durable long-lasting a. 持久的；耐用的
dwelling house n. 住處；寓所
eager enthusiastic a. 熱心的
easily moved portable a. 輕便的；可攜帶的
easily moved portable a. 輕便的；可攜帶的
effect influence v. 影響；效果
efficiency effectiveness n. 效力
elaborately done in great detail ad. 詳盡地；精心地
elevate promote v. 提高；提升
elicit bring out v. 引出
embraced welcomed v. 歡迎
emerge appear v. 浮現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)
emit give off v. 發(fā)出
emitting producing v. 生產(chǎn)，發(fā)行
emphasize stress v. 強(qiáng)調(diào)
employ use v. 雇傭；應(yīng)用
enable allow v. 使能夠；使可能
enable help v. 使能夠；使可能
enactment performance n. 演出；表演
encompass include v. 包含
end goal n. 末端；目的
engaged hired v. 雇傭
ensures guarantees v. 保證
entire whole a. 全部的
entity object n. 實(shí)體；存在
entomb trap v. 埋葬；設(shè)陷阱
era period of time n. 時(shí)期
eradicate eliminate v. 除去；消除
erroneous ideas misconception n. 誤解；錯誤觀念
erroneously identified as mistake v. 誤以為；誤認(rèn)為
essence basic nature n. 基本
essential fundamental a. 基本的
establish create v. 設(shè)立；創(chuàng)作
estimated judged v. 鑒定
evidence indicate n. 跡象；預(yù)示
exalted superior a. 高貴的；崇高的
excavate dig v. 挖掘；開鑿
excavating digging v. 挖掘
execute create v. 造成；制成；履行；執(zhí)行
exercise utilize v. 行使，利用
exert cause v. 引起；產(chǎn)生
exorbitant expensive a. 昂貴的
expendable unprofitable a. 沒有用的
expose subject to v. 使暴露；暴露于
expose uncover v. 使暴露；暴露于
extend stretch v. 延長；擴(kuò)展
extend increase v. 延長；擴(kuò)展
extol praise v. 贊美
extolled praised v. 贊美
extract remove v. 提��；取得
extract remove v. 提��；取得
extract remove v. 根除，移除
extraordinary supreme a. 非凡的；極度的
fabricate make v. 制作；裝配
fabricating constructing v. 制作，構(gòu)建
faction side n. 小派系
fashion create v. 造成，引起
fatal deadly a. 致命的
favor prefer v. 喜愛
favored perferred n. 喜愛
feed put v. 供給；供應(yīng)
feel detect v. 察覺；感覺
finding scientific discovery
fine tiny a. 細(xì)小的
finely minutely ad. 精細(xì)的　
fixture commonplace object n. 固定設(shè)備；附屬裝置
flamed burned a. 燃燒的
flattering complimentary a. 稱贊的；奉承的
flourished thrived n. 茂盛
forage feed v. 搜索；尋找食物
formidable difficult a. 艱難的
forward-looking progressive a. 向前看的；有遠(yuǎn)見的
frame pose v. 構(gòu)造；提出
freeing releasing n. 解除，釋放
functional usable a. 合用的
fundamental basic a. 基礎(chǔ)的；基本的
gambit calculated risk n. 策略；謀略
gap open n. 缺口；縫隙
give way to turn into v. 讓位；變成
glowing shining a. 光亮的
good name reputation n. 名聲；名譽(yù)
graphic vivid a. 生動的
grumbled complained v. 抱怨
hard firm a. 堅(jiān)硬的；牢固的
hard to deal with stubborn a. 執(zhí)拗的；固執(zhí)的
heart center n. 中心
hemisphere side n. 半球；半邊
henceforth from that time on ad. 自此以后
herald announce v. 預(yù)示；預(yù)報(bào)
hinged on depended on v. 依靠
hinterland region n. 地方；區(qū)域
ideal perfect a. 完美的
identical exactly alike a. 同樣的
imitate copy v. 模仿；偽造
immunity protection n. 保護(hù)
immutable unchangeable a. 不變的
impediment obstacle n. 妨礙；阻礙
imperceptibly subtly ad. 不可覺察地；極緩慢地
implement tool n. 工具；器械
implication significance n. 含義；意義
imposing demanding a. 緊迫的；緊急的
in place of instead of ad. 代替　
in reality actually n. 實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上
inaccessible unreachable a. 難接近的；難達(dá)到的
inception beginning n. 起初
incinerate burn up v. 燒毀
incised carved a. 雕刻的
inclination preference n. 傾向；偏好
incorporate combine v. 結(jié)合；合并
influx arrival n. 流入；到達(dá)
ingenuity resourcefulness n. 機(jī)靈
inhibit hinder v. 阻止；阻礙
initiate start v. 開始；引發(fā)
initiate cause v. 開始；引發(fā)
innovation new idea n. 創(chuàng)新；革新
innovative new a. 創(chuàng)新的
insignificant unimportant a. 不重要的
instance case n. 實(shí)例；例證
integral essential a. 整體的；不可缺少的
integral fundamental a. 基本的
intense extreme a. 強(qiáng)烈的；劇烈的
intensive concentrated a. 加強(qiáng)的，集中的
intent goal n. 目的
intent purpose n. 目的
interchangeable equivalent a. 相等的；可互換的
intervals periods n. 周期
intervention influence n. 干涉；影響
intricate complex a. 復(fù)雜的
intriguing attractive a. 迷人的　
invade move into v. 侵入
inviting attractive a. 吸引人的；誘人的
justify prove v. 辯護(hù)；證實(shí)
key important
laborious difficult a. 費(fèi)力的
lie be located v. 位于
load weight n. 重?fù)?dān)
locale place n. 場所
lured attracted v. 吸引，引誘
magnify intensify v. 放大；強(qiáng)化
maintain preserve v. 維持；堅(jiān)持
maintain preserve v. 維持；堅(jiān)持
maintain keep v. 維持；堅(jiān)持
major principal a. 主要的；大型的
make possible allow v. 允許；使可能
mandated required v. 要求
margin edge n. 邊；邊緣
marked pronounce a. 明顯的；顯著的
marked noticeable a. 顯著的
means method n. 方法　
merely only ad. 僅僅地，只不過
meteoric rapid a. 迅速的
meticulously careflly ad. 小心地
minuscule tiny a. 很小的；微小的
minute tiny a. 微小的；細(xì)微的
modifying changing v. 修改；變化
monopolize dominate v. 獨(dú)占；占優(yōu)勢
moreover furthermore ad. 此外
moreover in addition ad. 另外
motif design n. 圖案；花紋
mundane ordinary a. 世俗的；普通的
myriad many a. 許多的；無數(shù)的
nascent immature a. 新生的；初生的
nevertheless however ad. 然而；仍然
norm standard n. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
noted observed v. 注意到
noticed announced v. 宣告，通告
notwithstanding despite prep. 盡管
noxious harmful a. 有害的；有毒的
obtain get v. 獲得；取得
obtain acquire v. 獲得；取得
obtain acquire v. 獲得
obvious apparent a. 明顯的；顯而易見的
optimal best a. 最佳的
ornate elaborate a. 華麗的
outbreak beginning n. 爆發(fā)；開始
outline summarizing v. 總結(jié)；概括
outstanding excellent a. 杰出的；顯著的
over great distances faraway a. 遙遠(yuǎn)之處
overtaken surpassed v. 趕上，超越
peak maximum a. 最高的；高峰的
peculiar strange a. 奇特的
penetrate go through v. 穿透；透過
people in the play actor n. 演員；劇中人物
periphery outer edge n. 外圍
persist continue v. 持續(xù)
personal magnetism charisma n. 個人魅力
pertinent relevant a. 有關(guān)的
phenomena event n. 現(xiàn)象；事件
pick up follow v. 尋找；尋路
picture imagine n. 圖片
pit hole n. 坑；洼地
plunge drop n./v. 投入，陷入
ponderous heavy a. 笨重的
pore hole n. 毛孔；細(xì)孔
position job n. 職位；職務(wù)
potential possible a. 潛在的；可能的
precarious uncertain a. 不穩(wěn)定的
precise accurate a. 精確的
prefer favor v. 偏好；喜歡
preside manage v. 負(fù)責(zé)；統(tǒng)轄
presumably probably ad. 大概
prevailed dominated v. 成功，統(tǒng)治
prevailing most frequent a. 盛行的；流行的
prevailing dominant a. 主要的，占優(yōu)勢的
prevent avoid v. 制止；阻止
primarily chiefly ad. 主要地
primary fundamental a. 基本的；初步的
prior to preceding a. 在先；居前
prized valued a. 貴重的
probe explore v. 探察
produce butter n. 產(chǎn)物；產(chǎn)品
prolific productive a. 多產(chǎn)的
prolific fruitful a. 多產(chǎn)的
prominent distinguished a. 顯著的；卓越的
prominent famous a. 著名的
proponent supporter n. 支持者
prototype model n. 原型；范例
protrude project v. 突出；伸出
pry off locate v. 查找
puncture pierce v. 刺穿；刺破
pursue chase v. 追趕
raise rear v. 飼養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育
random unpredictable a. 不可知的
rapidity swiftness n. 迅速
rare infrequent a. 稀有的；罕見的
rather instead ad. 相反；相反地
readily easily ad. 容易地
realization awareness n. 認(rèn)識；意識
reap accept v. 收獲；接受
rear raise v. 培養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)
reckless irresponsible a. 不負(fù)責(zé)任的
recorded documented a. 已紀(jì)錄的
recruit enlist v. 征募；補(bǔ)充
refreshing unusual a. 清新的；清爽的
regardless of no matter what a. 不管
relate connect v. 相關(guān)；關(guān)聯(lián)
reliance dependence n. 依靠
remarkable significant a. 異常的；非凡的
representative typical a. 典型的
resemble be similar to v. 相似；類似
resolve find a solution for v. 解決
resort to using v. 采用
revered respected v. 尊敬
revise change v. 修正；改造
robust strong a. 強(qiáng)健的；堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的
roll back reduce v. 壓低；減少
rotate alternate v. 輪流；更迭
rotate turn v. 輪流；更迭
rotting decaying v. 腐爛
roughly approximately ad. 概略地；大約
rudimentary undeveloped a. 原始的；簡單的
rupture burst v. 破裂；裂開
rushing rapid a. 急流的
sanitation health n. 衛(wèi)生；健康狀態(tài)
saturate soak v. 浸透；飽和
saying two opposite things paradox n. 悖論；雋語
scale measure n./v. 刻度/測量
scarce rare a. 稀有的
scarcely barely ad. 稀缺；珍貴
scope extent n. 范圍
scorched burned v. 燒焦
score musical compositions n. 樂譜
scurrying rushing v. 急趕
secure acquire v. 獲得；取得
secure safe ad. 安全的
sedentary inactive a. 不移棲的
sentiment opinion n. 意見；觀點(diǎn)
serve as function as v. 充當(dāng)；擔(dān)任
set establish v. 確定；安置
settle decide v. 決定；解決
settled stabled a. 固定的
severe poverty indigence n. 貧困；赤貧
shield protect v. 保護(hù)；避開
significant meaningful a. 有重要意義的
site location n. 地點(diǎn)；場所
skepticism doubt n. 懷疑主義；懷疑態(tài)度
sketch draw v. 速寫；素描
skilled expert a. 熟練的；擅長的
skyrocket increase rapidly v. 猛漲，突增
sleep briefly nap n. 小睡；打盹
smooth operation effective functioning
snap break v. 折斷；拉斷
sole only a. 唯一的；獨(dú)一的
sole only a. 單獨(dú)的
solemn serious a. 嚴(yán)肅的；莊重的
sort out separate v. 挑選出
source of energy fuel n. 能源；燃料
spanning covering v. 包含
spark bring about v. 激發(fā)；發(fā)動
speculate hypothesize v. 推測；假設(shè)
staggering overwhelming a. 壓倒的；壓倒之勢的
standard customary a. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的
standing not flowing a. 停滯的；不流動的
staple popular edition? n. 大宗物品；流行的東西
staple basic element n. 主要成分
stimulate encourage v. 激發(fā)；促進(jìn)
story level n. 樓層；層
strain stress v. 拉緊，重壓
strength basis n. 實(shí)力；基礎(chǔ)
stress emphasize v. 強(qiáng)調(diào)
striking noticeable a. 顯著的
stringent strict a. 嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)厲的
struggle competition n. 競爭
subject susceptible a. 易受影響的；遭受影響的
subjugated conquered v. 征服
subsequent later a. 后來的
subsidize finance v. 資助；贊助
subsidy finance n. 補(bǔ)助金；補(bǔ)貼
succinct concise a. 簡潔的；簡練的　
sufficient adequate a. 足夠的；充足的
suitably appropriately ad. 適宜地
sumptuous luxurious a. 豪華的；奢侈的
sums amounts n. 和
supplant replace v. 取代；替代
supplement extension n. 補(bǔ)充；補(bǔ)遺
supplement add to v. 補(bǔ)充，增加
support hold v. 支持；支撐
supposedly seemingly ad. 想象地；表面上
supremacy dominance n. 至高無上；支配地位
supreme most outstanding a. 最大的；極度的
surge increase sharply v. 急劇增加
surging accelerating a. 高漲的；躍進(jìn)的
suspend hang v. 掛；懸掛
sustain support v. 支撐
symmetrical proportionally balanced a. 對稱的；勻稱的
tangled twisted together a. 混亂的
telling challenging a. 有效的；有力的
tempting attractive a. 誘人的
thanks to because of n. 由于；多虧
thereby by that means
think highly admire v. 欽佩；羨慕
tolerate endure v. 忍受；忍耐
trace imprint n. 痕跡；遺跡
trend tendency n. 趨勢；趨向
typify characterize v. 代表，表現(xiàn)
ultimately eventually ad. 最后
undergoing experiencing v. 經(jīng)歷　
undergone experienced v. 經(jīng)歷　
undergone experienced v. 經(jīng)歷
underscore emphasize v. 強(qiáng)調(diào)
underwater craft submarine n. 潛水艇
undoubtedly certainly ad. 的確地
unique particular a. 獨(dú)特的
unique singular a. 非凡的
unprecedented never seen before a. 空前的
unravel discover v. 解開；闡明
unrestricted unlimited a. 無限制的；自由的
unsubstantiated unverified a. 未證實(shí)的；未核實(shí)的
urged encouraged v. 催促，鼓勵
usher beginning v. 引導(dǎo)；開始
various different a. 不同的
vary differ v. 變化；改變
vast large a. 巨大的；廣闊的
vast great a. 大量的
venture endeavor n. 冒險(xiǎn)；冒險(xiǎn)行動
very closely intimately ad. 親密；密切
vestige evidence n. 遺跡；殘余
virtually completely n. 實(shí)質(zhì)地
want to much greedy a. 貪婪的；貪心的
whether if conj. 是否
wider more extensive a. 寬廣的
witness observe v. 目睹；目擊
yield provide v. 產(chǎn)生；產(chǎn)生效果