動(dòng)詞（包括謂語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)）

◎看看發(fā)起者是誰(shuí)，用意思來(lái)判斷

Coronary angiography, a sophisticated method for diagnosing coronary disease, involves the introduction of a dye into the arteries of the heart and is now administered selectively, because it uses x-rays to observe cardiac function. (A-P1-137)

A. method for diagnosing coronary disease  involving the introduction of a dye into the arteries of the heart and is now administered selectively, because it usesinvolving 的發(fā)起者為disease主要分析分詞及主干的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

◎時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)不放在動(dòng)詞和發(fā)起者之間

◎意義無(wú)區(qū)別時(shí): 2個(gè)選項(xiàng)比較：最好用動(dòng)詞形式，不用名詞或形容詞形式Section 18.13. Oberlin College in Ohio was a renegade institution at its 1833 founding for deciding to accept both men and women as students.

(A) at its 1833 founding for deciding to accept

(B) for the decision at its 1833 founding to accept

(C) when it was founded in 1833 for its decision to accept

(D) in deciding at its founding in 1833 to accept

(E) by deciding at its founding in 1833 on the acceptance ofD

◎只要沒有明顯表示時(shí)間概念的詞或者時(shí)間概念就不要考慮時(shí)態(tài)，但如果有就立刻考慮，只有現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去、進(jìn)行、將來(lái)和完成時(shí)

◎如果劃線部分的頭尾是V，先做V。

看動(dòng)詞。如果畫線部分有動(dòng)詞開頭或者結(jié)尾， 先找動(dòng)詞的發(fā)起者， 根據(jù)事態(tài)， 單復(fù)數(shù)等可以排除選項(xiàng)。時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)不可插在動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞發(fā)起者之間，應(yīng)放在之前或者之后。動(dòng)詞中的非100%原則：動(dòng)詞原型與動(dòng)詞的衍生名詞；主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)；一般事態(tài)的優(yōu)先原則。Section 18.15. People have discovered the principles of solar energy whenever fuel becomes scarce and expensive but will forget them every time a new source of cheap energy is developed.

(A) have discovered the principles of solar energy whenever fuel becomes scarce and expensive but will forget

(B) have discovered the principles of solar energy whenever fuel has become scarce and expen-sive but they forget

(C) discovered the principles of solar energy every time fuel becomes scarce and expensive,forgetting

(D) discover the principles of solar energy every time fuel became scarce and expensive, but they forget

(E) discover the principles of solar energy whenever fuel becomes scarce and expensive but forget

whenever, every time 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), E