二.雙重
(18)——touching in O Henry's stories is the gallantry with which ordinary people struggle to maintain their dignity?
A.Most is B.Is mostly C.Is it most D.What is most
本題在“去掉獨立成分”后只剩了—is the gallantry"。很顯然缺少了主語.但四個選項幾乎都有一個代詞加一個謂語動詞。
這就意味著作為正確答案的那個選項中的代詞必須一詞二用——一個詞充當兩個成分;這樣再加上"touching”(這里"touching"是作后置定語,所以不“獨立”)和“the gallantry"分別充當兩個“is’’的主語和表語。最終答案是"D".為什么呢?因為四個選項中只有"what"具有“雙重"的功能.
那么,具體地說,什么是"雙重"?托福語法部分常見的具有"雙重"功能的連詞有哪些呢?所謂的“雙重”,這里指的是連詞除了正常的句法功能外還充當另外一個句子成分。而所謂的"正常”指的是按照一般的語法規(guī)則要求。在這種"正常"的情況下:
①形容詞性(定語從句)的連詞(關系代詞)除有“關聯(lián)”功能外還在從句中充當一個實際成分 (主語、動詞賓語、介詞賓語或定語)。如:
The same forces that create surface tension in any sample Of water are responsible fOr the maintenance Of these unbroken columns Of water.(充當主語)
The early European settlers Of the United States did not abandon the diversions with which their ancestors had traditionally relieved the tedium of life.(充當介詞賓語)
但涉及到時間、地點(方位)、原因、方式時,連詞(關系代詞)不充當從句中的成分。如:
The knee is joint where the thigh bone meets the large bone Of the lower leg.
②名詞性從句(主語、賓語或表語、同位語從句)和副詞性從句(狀語從句)的連詞(關系代詞) 除具有這一功能外,在從句中一般不充當任何成分。如:
|That he was an honest man helped him win the respect from the people around.
Articles differ from editorials in that articles present facts while editorials present opinions.
根據對過去托福考題的總結,托福語法中的總結,托福語法中的"雙重"連詞有三種類型"