�、�.what
　　充當(dāng)(主句和從句——下同)兩個(gè)主語、兩個(gè)賓語、一個(gè)主語十一個(gè)賓語。例(18)中的"what'’即是充當(dāng)了兩個(gè)主語。又如：
　　I believed what he said. 句中的"what"即是充當(dāng)兩個(gè)賓語。有時(shí)，“what'’的這種特點(diǎn)也成為改錯(cuò)部分的“題眼”。如：
　　(19)(Some) psychologists believe (what) even a person (suffers) from amnesia，some (memory) remains in the unconscious.
　　②whatever，whoever，whichever
　　上述三個(gè)詞的用法與“what”差不多：意義上表示一種強(qiáng)調(diào)。但在考題中出現(xiàn)的頻率不及"what”高。
　�、踑s，than
　　本來“ss”和“than”作為關(guān)聯(lián)詞只有連接主句和狀語從句的作用，但在托福語法考題中如果符合上面提到的“省略”要求的兩個(gè)條件——主句的主語與從句的主語邏輯上相一致;從句以“be'’的適當(dāng)形式作謂語的“主一系一表”結(jié)構(gòu)或“類主一系一表”結(jié)構(gòu)——這兩個(gè)詞除“正常”的連接作用還充當(dāng)從句的主語：如：
　　John's father was such a stingy man that he seldom spent On his son as much as was necessary..
　　Mark was delighted tO see his new flat Was larger than was expected...
　　上面的兩個(gè)句子中，“as”和“than’分別充當(dāng)了從句的主語。
　　三.變性
　　“變性”是指"after"和“before”所引導(dǎo)的從句在從句的主語與主句的主語一致的時(shí)候可以由從句變?yōu)榻樵~(before、after由關(guān)聯(lián)詞變成介詞，動(dòng)名詞短語作介詞賓語)。如：
　　Before he became the 39th President Of United States，Jimmy Carterhad been the governor Of Georgia.變成： Before becoming the 39th President Of…
　　四.變形
　　“變形”指的是"because"、“since"、“as”和“for”引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句在從句的主語與主句的主語一致的時(shí)候由從句變成分詞短語。如：
　　AS she was the first woman to serve in this local court，she enjoyed a greater popularity than her male colleagues。
　　變成：“Being the first woman to serve...”

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